Helping Conflict-Avoidant Couples Grow by Building Emotional Intensity (Without Breaking the Bond)

By Dr. Elizabeth Mahaney, LMHC, MFT, NCC, Ph.D | South Tampa Therapy

At first glance, conflict-avoidant couples can appear deceptively easy to work with — polite, calm, and relatively low-drama. But as many therapists (and couples themselves) quickly realize, this surface-level peace can make progress in therapy excruciatingly slow.

These partners often want deep connection, but their fear of conflict and discomfort with emotional vulnerability keeps them stuck in cycles of polite disengagement. The work becomes not about avoiding conflict but about learning to tolerate emotional intensity as a path toward authentic growth.

Why Conflict Avoidance Happens

Avoidance is often a self-protective adaptation. For many long-term partners, the risk of being authentic — especially if they fear rejection, disconnection, or shame — feels too high. So they play it safe:

• One partner stays passive, waiting for the other to make a move.

• Both partners avoid initiating emotionally vulnerable conversations.

• They may “collapse” under pressure rather than assert a need or desire.

In the therapy room, this dynamic can be subtle. They may smile, make light of challenges, or keep the conversation surface-level. But under the calm exterior is a relationship that desperately needs movement and intensity — the kind of growth that only comes when you allow discomfort to be present and meaningful.

A Step-by-Step Approach for Building Momentum with Conflict-Avoidant Couples

1. Name the Pattern, Gently But Clearly

Start by helping them see how their avoidance serves a purpose — it protects them from pain. But it also keeps them disconnected from themselves and each other. Bring compassionate awareness to the way their pattern shows up in session and at home.

2. Challenge Passive Behaviors in Real-Time

Don’t let passive avoidance slip by unnoticed. When a partner defers, minimizes, or shifts the focus, gently but firmly bring it back:

“I noticed you paused just as you were about to say something important — let’s stay with that for a moment.”

3. Help Them Build a Tolerance for Emotional Intensity

Ask each partner: “What helps you stay present when things feel intense?” Normalize the discomfort and frame it as a growing edge. Offer tools for staying grounded — breathwork, tapping, or pausing to name what’s happening internally.

4. Set Small Risk-Taking Goals

Encourage each partner to take one small interpersonal risk between sessions. It could be naming a need, disagreeing gently, or expressing vulnerability. The goal is to build emotional courage, not perfection.

5. Teach the Value of Staying With the Tension

Let them know that real healing often begins after the moment they most want to disconnect. Support them in riding the wave of conflict through to resolution, rather than avoiding it or abandoning the process.

“The moment you want to walk away is often the exact moment you need to lean in with compassion.”

6. Create Intensity in Session with Purpose and Care

As a therapist, your role is to increase emotional depth without overwhelming your clients. This means knowing when to push and when to hold — and always doing so with clarity and consent. Use Emotion-Focused Therapy techniques, attachment language, and Nonviolent Communication tools to guide the process.

The Bottom Line

Conflict-avoidant couples don’t need to become aggressive or dramatic — they need to become emotionally present. Learning to sit in discomfort, tolerate healthy tension, and express themselves with authenticity is the path to deepening intimacy.

With the right support, even the most avoidant couples can transform their relationships into spaces of connection, clarity, and growth.

Interested in learning more about couples therapy in Tampa or across Florida?
At South Tampa Therapy, we specialize in Emotion-Focused Couples Therapy, Gottman-informed interventions, and Nonviolent Communication techniques for deeper connection and lasting change.

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THE FOUR HORSEMEN: The Antidotes

All relationships, even the most successful ones, have conflict. It is unavoidable. Fortunately, our research shows that it’s not the appearance of conflict, but rather how it’s managed that predicts the success or failure of a relationship. We say “manage” conflict rather than “resolve,” because relationship conflict is natural and has functional, positive aspects that provide opportunities for growth and understanding.

And there are problems that you just won’t solve due to natural personality differences between you and your partner, but if you can learn to manage those problems in a healthy way, then your relationship will succeed.

The first step in effectively managing conflict is to identify and counteract The Four Horsemen when they arrive in your conflict discussions. If you don’t, you risk serious problems in the future of your relationship. But, like Newton’s Third Law, for every horseman there is an antidote, and you can learn how and when to use them below.

The Antidote to Criticism: Gentle Start-Up

A complaint focuses on a specific behavior, but criticism attacks a person’s very character. The antidote for criticism is to complain without blame by using a soft or gentle start-up. Avoid saying “you,” which can indicate blame, and instead talk about your feelings using “I” statements and express what you need in a positive way.

To put it simply, think of these two things to formulate your soft start-up: What do I feel? What do I need?

Criticism: “You always talk about yourself. Why are you always so selfish?”

Antidote: “I’m feeling left out of our talk tonight and I need to vent. Can we please talk about my day?”

Notice that the antidote starts with “I feel,” leads into “I need,” and then respectfully asks to fulfill that need. There’s no blame or criticism, which prevents the discussion from escalating into an argument.

The Antidote to Contempt: Build a Culture of Appreciation and Respect

Contempt shows up in statements that come from a position of moral superiority. Some examples of contempt include sarcasm, cynicism, name-calling, eye-rolling, sneering, mockery, and hostile humor. Contempt is destructive and defeating. It is the greatest predictor of divorce, and it must be avoided at all costs.

The antidote to contempt is to build a culture of appreciation and respect in your relationship, and there are a few ways to do that. One of our mottos is Small Things Often: if you regularly express appreciation, gratitude, affection, and respect for your partner, you’ll create a positive perspective in your relationship that acts as a buffer for negative feelings. The more positive you feel, the less likely that you’ll feel or express contempt!

Another way that we explain this is our discovery of the 5:1 “magic ratio” of positive to negative interactions that a relationship must have to succeed. If you have five or more positive interactions for every one negative interaction, then you’re making regular deposits into your emotional bank account, which keeps your relationship in the green.

Contempt: “You forgot to load the dishwasher again? Ugh. You are so incredibly lazy.” (Rolls eyes.)

Antidote: “I understand that you’ve been busy lately, but could you please remember to load the dishwasher when I work late? I’d appreciate it.”

The antidote here works so well because it expresses understanding right off the bat. This partner shows how they know that the lack of cleanliness isn’t out of laziness or malice, and so they do not make a contemptuous statement about their partner or take any position of moral superiority.

Instead, this antidote is a respectful request, and it ends with a statement of appreciation.

The Antidote to Defensiveness: Take Responsibility

Defensiveness is defined as self-protection in the form of righteous indignation or innocent victimhood in attempt to ward off a perceived attack. Many people become defensive when they are being criticized, but the problem is that being defensive never helps to solve the problem at hand.

Defensiveness is really a way of blaming your partner. You’re saying that the problem isn’t me, it’s you. As a result, the problem is not resolved and the conflict escalates further. The antidote is to accept responsibility, even if only for part of the conflict.

Defensiveness: “It’s not my fault that we’re going to be late. It’s your fault since you always get dressed at the last second.”

Antidote: “I don’t like being late, but you’re right. We don’t always have to leave so early. I can be a little more flexible.”

By taking responsibility for part of the conflict (trying to leave too early), even while asserting that they don’t like to be late, this partner prevents the conflict from escalating by admitting their role in the conflict. From here, this couple can work towards a compromise.

The Antidote to Stonewalling: Physiological Self-Soothing

Stonewalling is when someone completely withdraws from a conflict discussion and no longer responds to their partner. It usually happens when you’re feeling flooded or emotionally overwhelmed, so your reaction is to shut down, stop talking, and disengage. And when couples stonewall, they’re under a lot of emotional pressure, which increases heart rates, releases stress hormones into the bloodstream, and can even trigger a fight-or-flight response.

In one of our longitudinal research studies, we interrupted couples after fifteen minutes of an argument and told them we needed to adjust the equipment. We asked them not to talk about their issue, but just to read magazines for half an hour. When they started talking again, their heart rates were significantly lower and their interaction was more positive and productive.

What happened during that half hour? Each partner, without even knowing it, physiologically soothed themselves by reading and avoiding discussion. They calmed down, and once they felt calm, they were able to return to the discussion in a respectful and rational way.

Therefore, the antidote to stonewalling is to practice physiological self-soothing, and the first step of self-soothing is to stop the conflict discussion and call a timeout:

“Look, we’ve been through this over and over again. I’m tired of reminding you—”

“Honey, I’m sorry to interrupt you, but I’m feeling overwhelmed and I need to take a break. Can you give me twenty minutes and then we can talk?”

If you don’t take a break, you’ll find yourself either stonewalling and bottling up your emotions, or you’ll end up exploding at your partner, or both, and neither will get you anywhere good.

So, when you take a break, it should last at least twenty minutes because it will take that long before your body physiologically calms down. It’s crucial that during this time you avoid thoughts of righteous indignation (“I don’t have to take this anymore”) and innocent victimhood (“Why is he always picking on me?”). Spend your time doing something soothing and distracting, like listening to music, reading, or exercising. It doesn’t really matter what you do, as long as it helps you to calm down.

You’ve got the skills. Use them!

Now that you know what the Four Horsemen are and how to counteract them with their proven antidotes, you’ve got the essential tools to manage conflict in a healthy way. As soon as you see criticism or contempt galloping in, remember their antidotes. Be vigilant. The more you can keep the Four Horsemen at bay, the more likely you are to have a stable and happy relationship.

FOUR HORSEMEN SELF-TEST

The Four Horsemen

Criticism Self Test

Contempt and Defensiveness

Contempt Self Test

Defensiveness Self Test

Stonewalling Self Test

Stonewalling

Stonewalling is when a person is actually emotionally overwhelmed and instead of expressing the overwhelm actively with outward intensity, the person detaches and appears to be cold to their partner and uninterested in what they are saying. Stonewalling is actually for form of flooding and a signal that that person needs to take a time out of at least 20 minutes or more, until they feel safe and can actually engage with the other person.

Video excerpt of Making Marriage Work seminar with John Gottman explaining what Stonewalling is and what to do about it. This is a great resource for marriage therapy to help resolve relationship conflict and communicate effectively.