Acceptance and Commitment Therapy

Clients engaging in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) with Dr. Elizabeth Mahaney at South Tampa Therapy and her team learn to embrace their inner emotions instead of avoiding or struggling against them. The therapy emphasizes acknowledging these emotions as appropriate reactions to specific situations, rather than impediments to living the desired life.

ACT, a mindfulness-based therapy, targets the root cause of emotional distress. Human nature inclines us to evade negativity and uncertainty, but this avoidance can compound into greater harm. This therapy helps individuals confront these challenging emotions, fostering the ability to live in the present and make conscious choices about life's priorities.

Expect ACT to address a wide array of conditions, including relational issues, anxiety, depression, chronic pain, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Dr. Mahaney focuses on enhancing six key skills throughout the therapy:

1. Defusion: Stepping back from thoughts to prevent immersion or entanglement in them.

2. Openness: Allowing emotional pain without necessarily embracing it, counteracting avoidance.

3. Present moment: Being mindful of sensory experiences in the current moment.

4. Self as Context: Understanding oneself independently of struggles or narratives.

5. Values: Identifying important aspects that drive choices and actions.

6. Committed Actions: Making choices aligned with one's core values in various situations.

Strengthening these skills through ACT aids in managing thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, reducing emotional distress. Incorporating mindfulness into daily life facilitates living in alignment with personal values and leads to a more meaningful existence.

To embark on this transformative journey with ACT, book an appointment with Dr. Elizabeth Mahaney at South Tampa Therapy.

https://SouthTampaTherapyBOOKAPPT.as.me/initialintake

Text me with any questions: 813-240-3237

Embracing Change: Using Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) Tools to Tackle Anxiety

Anxiety can be an overwhelming and paralyzing force in our lives. It can make us feel trapped, unable to move forward, and disconnected from our true selves. However, there is hope. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (often shortened as ACT) offers valuable tools and strategies to help individuals not only manage their anxiety but also lead a more fulfilling and meaningful life. In this blog post, we will explore some ACT tools that can be instrumental in handling anxiety.

Understanding Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

ACT is a modern form of psychotherapy that combines cognitive behavioral techniques with mindfulness strategies. ACT is grounded in the belief that suffering arises from our attempts to avoid or control unpleasant thoughts, feelings, and sensations. Instead of trying to eliminate anxiety, ACT encourages individuals to accept it as a natural part of the human experience and commit to taking meaningful actions despite it.

ACT Tools to Handle Anxiety

Mindfulness and Present Moment Awareness

Mindfulness is a core component of ACT. It involves paying attention to the present moment without judgment. When dealing with anxiety, practicing mindfulness can help individuals become more aware of their anxious thoughts and bodily sensations. By observing these thoughts and sensations without trying to eliminate or suppress them, individuals can reduce their anxiety's grip on their lives.

A simple mindfulness exercise for anxiety involves taking a few deep breaths and focusing on your breath. When anxious thoughts arise, acknowledge them without judgment, and gently return your attention to your breath. This practice can create a sense of distance between you and your anxiety, allowing you to respond more skillfully.

Defusion Techniques

Defusion is the process of creating psychological distance from your thoughts. Anxiety often results from getting entangled in catastrophic thoughts and worst-case scenarios. ACT offers several techniques to defuse from these thoughts:

a. Name your thoughts: Give your anxious thoughts a funny or absurd name. For example, if you're worried about a work presentation, you could call it "The Nervous Noodle." This technique helps you see your thoughts as just thoughts, not objective truths.

b. Use metaphor: Imagine your thoughts as passing clouds or leaves floating down a stream. This visualization can help you detach from your anxious thoughts and see them as transient.

Values Clarification

An essential aspect of ACT is identifying and clarifying your values—what truly matters to you in life. Anxiety often arises when our actions are not aligned with our values. By recognizing and committing to values that are meaningful to you, you can make decisions and take actions that are in line with your authentic self, reducing anxiety in the process.

Committed Action

ACT encourages individuals to take action that aligns with their values, even in the presence of anxiety. This means stepping out of your comfort zone and engaging in activities that may trigger anxiety. Over time, exposure to these situations can reduce the intensity of anxiety responses and help you lead a more fulfilling life.

Self-Compassion

Anxiety can be exacerbated by self-criticism and harsh self-judgment. ACT emphasizes self-compassion as a tool for managing anxiety. Treat yourself with the same kindness and understanding you would offer to a friend facing a similar challenge. Self-compassion can create a buffer against the emotional impact of anxiety and foster a sense of resilience.

Acceptance

As the 'A' in ACT suggests, acceptance is a crucial aspect of the therapy. It's about accepting your emotions, thoughts, and bodily sensations, even when they are uncomfortable or distressing. Instead of trying to fight or suppress anxiety, acknowledge its presence and give yourself permission to experience it without judgment.

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) provides a powerful framework and a set of practical tools for individuals struggling with anxiety. By embracing mindfulness, defusion techniques, values clarification, committed action, self-compassion, and acceptance, you can not only manage your anxiety but also move towards a more meaningful and fulfilling life.

Remember that anxiety is a natural part of the human experience, and it doesn't have to control your life. With the help of ACT tools, you can learn to coexist with anxiety while still pursuing the life you want to live. Embrace change, practice self-compassion, and commit to actions that align with your values—these are the keys to handling anxiety and unlocking a brighter, more fulfilling future.

By Kaitlin Lowey: Book with her here: https://SouthTampaTherapyBOOKAPPT.as.me/KaitlinLowey

Why your therapist won’t tell you what to do

One question us therapists often hear from our clients is, “What should I do?”

It makes sense that a client would want our advice. After all, we are often the only people in our clients’ lives who know all of the intricate matters of their hearts. We sit with the ambivalent feelings, desires, and conundrums our clients find themselves encountering. And, because we aren’t interwoven in our clients lives in the way that a friend or family member is, we aren’t directly impacted by the decisions our clients make. In short, we get the full picture without being in the picture. So, why shouldn’t we give them advice? 

Let me answer this question by painting a picture of a hypothetical client scenario. In this situation, a client has been dissatisfied with her relationship for quite some time. She feels that her partner cannot connect with her on an emotional level, and their sex life has been lackluster for the past year. She explains the full details of her situation to her therapist and asks, “What should I do?” Her therapist says, “Well, it sounds like this may not be the best relationship for you. I think you should leave.” 

What are the possibilities coming out of this? Let’s consider a few. 1. The client leaves her partner but later feels she has made a mistake. 2. The client leaves her partner and is thrilled about making the decision, but she is robbed of her confidence in her ability to make her own decisions and relies on her therapist for all future major decisions. 3. The client stays in the relationship and no longer trusts the therapist's opinion. 4. The client finds that she actually resents being told what to do and ghosts her therapist, losing faith in therapy and never getting the therapeutic help that would have helped her confront her deeper underlying reasons for seeking help in the first place.

As you can see, there is no winning when we provide advice to our clients.

In fact, this can do more harm than good. When providing an opinion, we may also fall into the unethical trap of imposing our own beliefs and values onto our clients – a direct violation of our ethical code. We also strip our clients of the very empowerment they come to therapy to build. While providing an answer to our clients’ problems may temporarily provide relief from uncertainty, it also reinforces reliance on the therapist to provide a sense of certainty. We want our clients to stand in their own power and trust in themselves – and to believe that no matter what the outcome of their dilemma, they will be able to handle it. 

So, what do we do when our clients ask us, “What should I do?”

We have several approaches we can take. We can help our clients to think through the pros and cons of each choice. Through this process, we may collectively uncover possibilities our clients had not thought of before. We might even go deeper than the surface level questions, challenging catastrophizing, black-and-white thinking, and other cognitive distortions. Perhaps we’ll find that the situation is not as bleak as it seems. If a client seems to be intellectualizing a choice, we might focus on expressing feelings and underlying needs. Contrary to popular belief, feelings and needs play an important role in decision-making and should not be ignored. Finally, we might explore how similar situations in the past are connected to the client’s emotions and beliefs about the current situation – or even confront the concepts of uncertainty and control more abstractly. 

We therapists are certainly flattered that our clients think our opinions are worth seeking on-high stakes decisions. But we also care about our clients enough to not tell them what to do. What we can do – and what is ultimately far more helpful – is  help them gain more insight into themselves. And this in itself is so powerful. Because when our clients know themselves better, they can make better-informed decisions that are aligned with their own goals, values, and beliefs.  

Book with Author Kaitlin Lowey: https://SouthTampaTherapyBOOKAPPT.as.me/KaitlinLowey

How to get unhooked from difficult thoughts and emotions with ACT

By: Kaitlin Lowey, MHCI

You’ve likely heard the phrase uttered by Benjamin Franklin, “...in this world nothing can be said to be certain, except death and taxes.” As a mental health professional (and fellow human being), I would add one other inevitability: experiencing uncomfortable thoughts and emotions. 

“I’m not good enough.” “It’s breaking my heart.” “I totally freeze.” “Something feels off in my gut.” “What is wrong with me?” “I feel depressed.” “I’m so scared.” “What if I get it wrong?” “Do they actually like me?” “Why did I say that?” “What if I fail?” “What if I end up alone?”

Our difficult thoughts and emotions are 100% normal.

Many psychologists and counselors, especially those practicing Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), would argue that experiencing such thoughts and emotions is just part of being a human. In fact, emotions like anxiety serve a purpose – they protect us from threats (like a charging lion or a dimly-lit alley). Uncomfortable emotions only become a problem when they show up in non-adaptive ways and stick around long past when they’ve served their purpose – in other words, when the degree of emotion we feel outsizes the actual threat. Our emotional responses are both innate (such as fear of snakes) and learned (such as fear of touching a hot stove). Some emotional wounds experienced in childhood, particularly those related to relationships, can continue to impact our emotional responses well into adulthood. 

So, what do our minds do when we experience these emotions? They view the emotion as a problem to be solved – to be gotten rid of. Again, the mind’s problem-solving nature is normal. It’s how humans have survived and adapted for thousands of years. For instance, humans built homes to shelter us from animals and the elements. We created the wheel to transport objects more easily. We even invented the remote control to save us from the inconvenience of having to move to turn up the volume on the TV. Our brains are hard-wired to problem-solve, and that’s usually a great thing! However, it’s not so great when our brains’ well-intentioned but ill-fated attempts to get rid of uncomfortable feelings only makes those feelings stronger. 

So, what happens when our emotional response and our problem-solving are both operating on overdrive? Russ Harris, the author of ACT made simple: An easy-to-read primer on acceptance and commitment therapy, describes the effect as getting hooked. Getting hooked means our brains automatically label the thoughts as a threat, something we have to act on, or something requiring all of our attention (what ACT theorists call cognitive fusion). We may do everything in our power to get rid of them (what ACT theorists call experiential avoidance). In addition, we might start to fuse these thoughts with our self-concept (e.g., If I keep thinking I’m bad, then I must be a terrible person.) We can also lose contact with the present moment, instead narrowing our focus on the thing that’s making us uncomfortable, disconnecting from our experience, or disengaging. Ultimately, we can lose sight of our values (what we care about and want out of our lives) and instead attempt and reattempt the same ineffective strategies to gain control over our thoughts and feelings. In other words, we use just about every strategy we can to banish our discomfort. This might look like denial, obsessively ruminating on whether or not our thoughts and feelings are true, procrastinating, engaging in addictive substances, and other attempts to control and escape. 

The problem with these strategies is that they are not likely to work. Not only do they not solve our emotional discomfort in the long run – they actually move us away from the kind of life we want to lead. And to top it all off, they often result in a spiral of shame and self-loathing. It’s a vicious cycle. 

At this point, I want to pause and remind readers that it’s not our fault our brains are wired this way – it’s extremely normal and entirely human! And, once we accept this, we can begin to make changes that help our minds work for us, instead of against us.  

So, what’s a human to do? And how can ACT help?

ACT proposes an alternate strategy (with many concepts borrowed from Yogic and Zen principles) to deal with our emotionally uncomfortable thoughts and feelings: accepting them. What if, instead of fighting our emotions and accompanying thoughts, we accepted them for what they are: our bodies’ and minds’ attempts to protect us? What if, instead of living our lives constantly running away from our discomfort, we were able to view our discomfort as separate from ourselves, accept that feeling discomfort is normal in the situation we are in, and make choices that are workable and that move us in the direction we want? In other words, what if we were able to get unhooked?

Several tools from ACT can help us unhook from uncomfortable thoughts and feelings. For instance, mindfulness strategies work to reduce emotional intensity by enabling us to attend to our emotions and the present moment with compassion and acceptance. They can also get us into the habit of viewing our thoughts and emotions as things we are experiencing in this moment, rather than the absolute truth or indicative of who we are. 

One of my favorite ACT tools involves the concept of workability versus absolute truth. As Harris states, ACT isn’t interested in whether thoughts are true – the concept of truth could be endlessly debated. Instead, ACT is interested in whether our thoughts and what we do with them are workable. If a thought or a behavior is workable, it has worked for us in the past and/or is likely to work for us in the future. It will move us closer to our long-term goal. This is a simple question we can ask ourselves when we find ourselves getting hooked and in auto-problem-solving mode: is this thought or behavior workable? Or will it be ineffective or cause other problems? 

Finally, ACT asks us to get really clear on our values. What kinds of concepts (such as love, compassion, resilience, integrity, and authenticity, for example) do we want to guide our actions? If our problems did not exist, how would we operate? Once we know our values, we can endeavor to live in alignment with them. And living in alignment with our values results in less emotional discomfort, improved self-concept, and greater fulfillment. 

Who can benefit from ACT? 

Evidence shows that ACT can be effective for a myriad of mental health problems, including anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, stress, phobias, chronic pain, addictions, and adjustment. But I believe that just about anyone can find usefulness in the approach. As Harris writes, 

“Who wouldn’t benefit from being more psychologically present; more in touch with their values; more able to make room for the inevitable pain of life; more able to defuse from unhelpful thoughts, beliefs and memories; more able to take effective action in the face of emotional discomfort; more able to engage fully in what they’re doing; and more able to appreciate each moment of their life, no matter how they’re feeling?” (Harris, p. 36) 

There is much more to ACT – more than can fit in this article. But I hope this post provides a basic understanding of how ACT can help us humans get unstuck and live a more meaningful, fulfilling life. 

By: Kaitlin Lowey, MHCI

Kaitlin joins her clients as they find relief, healing, hope, clarity, and transformation. She has helped individuals experiencing struggles with anxiety, stress, relationships, life changes, obsessive-compulsive disorder, intrusive thoughts, grief and loss, fertility and postpartum, motherhood and parenthood, athletic and career performance, perfectionism, identity, and self-worth. As an integrative therapist, Kaitlin collaborates with her clients to identify goals and choose research-supported therapeutic approaches that fit best. She offers in-person and online appointments.

Book with Kaitlin Lowey, MHCI here: https://SouthTampaTherapyBOOKAPPT.as.me/KaitlinLowey